Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4

-53%
D881.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 0-0 8.Ne2 c5 9.0-0 Nc6 10.Be3 cxd4
Updated Mar 27, 2026
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TL;DR

The exchange in the center with cxd5 and e4 gives White a strong pawn center, but Black's active piece play and the pressure from the fianchettoed bishop on g7 provide dynamic compensation.

Reviewed by

IM John Bartholomew
IM John BartholomewCo-Founder & Chess Educator

International Master and chess educator. Co-founded Chessable and joined Chessiverse as co-founder. Best known for his "Climbing the Rating Ladder" YouTube series and structured opening courses.

Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4: A Complete Guide
Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4 - Opening Moves
Summary

The King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4 arises after 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 0-0 8.Ne2 c5 9.0-0 Nc6 10.Be3 cxd4 and falls under ECO code D88. With 56,283 Lichess games across all rating levels, it is a specialized opening choice.

History and Notable Players

It arises from the King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... c5. Among the most prolific practitioners on the White side are Rainer Knaak (14 games), Svetozar Gligoric (11 games), Boris V Spassky (9 games). On the Black side, notable exponents include Stefan Witkowski (13 games), Wlodzimierz Schmidt (11 games), Nino Kirov (9 games).

Statistics

Based on 56,183 Lichess games across all rating levels:

  • White wins: 48.4%
  • Black wins: 43.4%
  • Draws: 8.3%

The statistics show a roughly balanced opening where both sides have equal chances.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Allowing White to build an overwhelming center: Hypermodern openings allow White space in the center, but you need to strike back at the right moment. Delaying the counterattack too long can leave you without active play.

Practice on Chessiverse

The best way to learn the King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4 is through practice. On Chessiverse, you can play chess against computer opponents from any opening or custom position. Our AI bots range from beginner to grandmaster level, each with unique playing styles — from aggressive attackers to solid defenders. Choose a bot that matches your rating and work your way up as you master the opening's key ideas.

Quick Facts

Main Line1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 0-0 8.Ne2 c5 9.0-0 Nc6 10.Be3 cxd4
FENr1bq1rk1/pp2ppbp/2n3p1/8/2BpP3/2P1B3/P3NPPP/R2Q1RK1 w - - 0 11
DifficultyExpert
Style

Hypermodern openings let the opponent occupy the center with pawns, then attack it from the flanks with pieces and fianchettoed bishops. Control is exerted from a distance rather than by direct occupation.

56,283games on Lichess
48.4%
8.3%
43.4%
White wins Draws Black wins

Top Players

As White
As Black

Data from Lichess opening explorer (blitz & rapid)

Most Popular At2200
SharpnessCalm

Popularity by Rating

Percentage of all games at each rating bracket that feature this opening.

Data from Lichess opening explorer (blitz & rapid games)

Theory Adherence by Rating

How often players choose the single most popular move at this position. Higher = more predictable play.

White to move after the opening line

Popularity Over Time

Share of all Lichess blitz + rapid games featuring this opening, by year.

Top Moves by Rating

White to move after the opening line

RatingMost Popular2nd3rd
400Bxd450%cxd450%
1000cxd4100%
1200cxd492.1%Nxd47.9%
1400cxd496.4%Nxd43.1%Bxd40.4%
1600cxd497.2%Nxd42.4%Bxd40.5%
1800cxd498.5%Nxd41.3%Bxd40.2%
2000cxd499.3%Nxd40.6%Bxd40.1%
2200cxd499.8%Nxd40.1%Bxd40.1%
2500cxd4100%

Popularity by Time Control

Bullet
<0.01%19K
Blitz
<0.01%49K
Rapid
<0.01%7K
5% more decisive in bullet
Raw data tables (Lichess blitz + rapid)
Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4: popularity and win rates by player rating
Rating (Elo)Share %GamesWhite win %Black win %Draw %Sharpness
4000.002100.00.00.01.000
10000.00450.050.00.01.000
12000.003857.942.10.01.000
14000.0045056.938.44.70.953
16000.004,22350.743.75.60.944
18000.0017,53049.143.47.50.925
20000.0123,84147.643.78.70.913
22000.019,81647.342.710.00.900
25000.0037952.239.38.40.916
Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4: move-choice theory adherence by rating
Rating (Elo)Top moveTop move %Viable movesTheory %Entropy
400Bxd450.02100.01.000
1000cxd4100.01100.00.000
1200cxd492.12100.00.398
1400cxd496.41100.00.241
1600cxd497.21100.00.207
1800cxd498.51100.00.126
2000cxd499.31100.00.065
2200cxd499.81100.00.025
2500cxd4100.01100.00.000
Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4: popularity over time
YearShare %GamesWhite win %Black win %Draw %
20130.005642.955.41.8
20140.0015950.336.513.2
20150.0041551.838.89.4
20160.0096649.543.07.6
20170.001,85348.942.98.1
20180.002,91149.442.58.1
20190.003,97149.643.07.4
20200.009,32848.042.99.1
20210.009,33348.543.18.5
20220.009,03348.244.07.8
20230.008,26647.943.98.2
20240.007,28347.943.68.4
20250.006,80848.443.48.3
Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4: popularity by time control
FormatShare %GamesWhite win %Black win %Draw %Sharpness
bullet0.0019,02548.047.04.90.951
blitz0.0049,32048.443.77.90.921
rapid0.006,86348.441.210.40.896
Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4: top candidate moves by rating bracket
Rating (Elo)1st move1st %2nd move2nd %3rd move3rd %
400Bxd450.0cxd450.0
1000cxd4100.0
1200cxd492.1Nxd47.9
1400cxd496.4Nxd43.1Bxd40.4
1600cxd497.2Nxd42.4Bxd40.5
1800cxd498.5Nxd41.3Bxd40.2
2000cxd499.3Nxd40.6Bxd40.1
2200cxd499.8Nxd40.1Bxd40.1
2500cxd4100.0
Grünfeld Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4: top practitioners by side
SidePlayerGames
WhiteRainer Knaak14
WhiteSvetozar Gligoric11
WhiteBoris V Spassky9
BlackStefan Witkowski13
BlackWlodzimierz Schmidt11
BlackNino Kirov9
Play this opening as...

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4?

The King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4 begins with 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 0-0 8.Ne2 c5 9.0-0 Nc6 10.Be3 cxd4 and is classified under ECO code D88.

Is the King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4 good for beginners?

The King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4 can be played at any level. Beginners should focus on understanding the key strategic ideas rather than memorizing long theoretical lines. Our AI bots at various rating levels provide a great way to practice the opening concepts.

What are the win rates for the King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4?

Across 56,283 Lichess games, White wins 48.4% of the time, Black wins 43.4%, and 8.3% are drawn. Notable master practitioners on the White side include Rainer Knaak and Svetozar Gligoric. On the Black side, Stefan Witkowski and Wlodzimierz Schmidt are among the most frequent practitioners.

How can I practice the King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4?

On Chessiverse, you can practice the King's Indian Defence: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4... cxd4 by playing against our 600+ AI bots. Each bot has a unique playing style and opening repertoire, so you can find the perfect sparring partner for any level.

Reviewed by

IM John Bartholomew
IM John BartholomewCo-Founder & Chess Educator

International Master and chess educator. Co-founded Chessable and joined Chessiverse as co-founder. Best known for his "Climbing the Rating Ladder" YouTube series and structured opening courses.

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