1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d5 7.Nc3 c6 opens the Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... c6, ECO A95. Across rating levels it shows up in 148,690 recorded games — enough data to map exactly where it succeeds and where it stalls.
History and Notable Players
It arises from the Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... 0-0. Among the most prolific White practitioners are Vitaly Chekhover (3 games), Risto Tuominen (3 games), Laszlo Szabo (3 games). Black-side regulars include Carlos Enrique Guimard (16 games), Robert Bellin (7 games), Mikhail Botvinnik (6 games).
Performance Across Rating Levels
The picture changes a lot as you climb the rating ladder. Among 1200-rated players, it appears in 0.00% of games — 619 of them on record — with White winning 50.4% and Black 46%. By 1800, popularity is 0.01% and White's score is 49.5% to Black's 43.9%. At the top end (2500+ Elo), popularity is 0.01% with 10.6% draws — a clear sign of how much theory rules the line at master level. Positions also become less sharp as level rises (sharpness 0.96 → 0.89).
Move Diversity and Theory Depth
Move choice is far from uniform in the Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... c6. At 1200 Elo, the top reply is cxd5, played 36.1% of the time. There are 7 other moves seeing meaningful share, and 62.1% of games stick to established theory. Entropy: 2.87. By 2500, Bf4 dominates at 25.3% of replies; only 5 viable alternatives remain and 72.5% of moves are theory. Entropy drops to 2.68.
Common Mistakes
- Neglecting development — It can feel productive to make extra pawn moves early, but falling behind in piece development is what loses most amateur games — especially in open positions where active pieces find squares fast.
- Playing without a plan — Each Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... c6 middlegame demands a specific approach. Decide whether the position calls for attack, manoeuvre, or simplification before reaching for a move.
Practice on Chessiverse
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