Starting from 1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7, players enter the Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... Be7 — ECO A91. Across rating levels it shows up in 144,255 recorded games — enough data to map exactly where it succeeds and where it stalls.
History and Notable Players
It arises from the Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... 4.Bg2. Among the most prolific White practitioners are Glenn C Flear (7 games), Colin S Crouch (7 games), Ivan Farago (7 games). Black-side regulars include Simon K Williams (25 games), Igor Naumkin (25 games), Simon Williams (17 games).
Performance Across Rating Levels
The picture changes a lot as you climb the rating ladder. The 1200 bracket has 1,214 games (0.00% of all games at that level); White wins 52.1%, Black 44.6%, 3.4% are drawn. By 1800, popularity is 0.00% and White's score is 52.3% to Black's 42.5%. At 2500, 0.03% of games go into this opening; draws sit at 8.9% — the line is well-mapped at this level. White's edge erodes by 5.0pp from 1200 to 2500 Elo, suggesting Black's counterplay is easier to find with experience.
Move Diversity and Theory Depth
Move choice is far from uniform in the Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... Be7. At 1200 Elo, the top reply is Nf3, played 46.2% of the time. There are 3 other moves seeing meaningful share, and 87.4% of games stick to established theory. Entropy: 2.06. By 2500, Nf3 dominates at 58.8% of replies; only 3 viable alternatives remain and 93.6% of moves are theory. Entropy drops to 1.73.
Main Lines and Variations
From the position after 1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7, the recognised continuations are:
Each branch leads to a different middlegame character — the resulting pawn structure decides what kind of game you get.
Common Mistakes
- Drifting away from main theory — At 400 Elo, theory adherence sits at 75.5% — versus 90.8% at 2000. The most popular deviation is e3 (played 7.5% of the time at 400, much less so up top). It looks fine but quietly hands the better-prepared side an edge.
- Neglecting development — It can feel productive to make extra pawn moves early, but falling behind in piece development is what loses most amateur games — especially in open positions where active pieces find squares fast.
- Playing without a plan — Each Dutch Defence: 1.d4 f5 2.c4... Be7 middlegame demands a specific approach. Decide whether the position calls for attack, manoeuvre, or simplification before reaching for a move.
Practice on Chessiverse
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